About Benzodiazepines (BZO):

Benzodiazepines are medications that are frequently prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of anxiety and sleep disorders. They produce their effects via specific receptors involving a neurochemical called γ aminobutyric acid (GABA). Because they are safer and more effective, benzodiazepines have replaced barbiturates in the treatment of both anxiety and insomnia. Benzodiazepines are also used as sedatives before some surgical and medical procedures, and for the treatment of seizure disorders and alcohol withdrawal.

At higher doses, benzodiazepines can produce dissociation effects and anterograde amnesia during the effects. Benzodiazepines also have little to no taste or odour. Because of this, benzodiazepines can be unknowingly slipped into drinks and ingested. Due to the combination of properties, benzodiazepines are commonly associated with drug-facilitated sexual assault, known as a “date rape” drug.

About Ketamine (KET):

Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic developed in 1963 to replace PCP (Phencyclidine). While Ketamine is still used in human anaesthesia and veterinary medicine, it is becoming increasingly abused as a street drug. Ketamine is molecularly similar to PCP and thus creates similar effects including numbness, loss of coordination, sense of invulnerability, muscle rigidity, aggressive / violent behaviour, slurred or blocked speech, exaggerated sense of strength, and a blank stare. There is depression of respiratory function but not of the central nervous system, and cardiovascular function is maintained. The effects of Ketamine generally last 4-6 hours following use. Ketamine is colourless and odorless. Due to this property, Ketamine can be unknowingly slipped into drinks and ingested. In combination with the dissociative effects, Ketamine is usually associated with drug-facilitated sexual assault.

About γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB):

γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous metabolite in the brain and peripheral organs. It has many characteristics of a neurotransmitter and has been studied for potential therapeutic use in the treatment of narcolepsy, drug addiction, and symptoms of withdrawal and to induce anaesthesia. However, GHB also is widely abused. At higher doses, GHB produces sedation and a trance-like state with loss of memory. Because it has little smell or taste, it can be ingested un-knowingly.

This combination of properties has made GHB a drug used for drug-facilitated sexual assault, often administered to victims in beverages.

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Disclaimer

• For beverage drug testing use only. Not an IVD.
• This test is NOT intended to determine the purity, composition, or if the liquid being examined is safe to use.  A positive or negative test result is NOT a guarantee that the liquid being tested is safe or unsafe to use.  Any tested liquid is consumed or used at the consumer’s own risk.
• Rapid Response® 3-in-1 Spiked Drink Pen provides information to consumers but does not eliminate risks. Users of Rapid Response® 3-in-1 Spiked Drink Pen accept responsibility for any consequences, including injury or death, that may occur after consuming a tested liquid.
• Many factors come into play when testing a liquid, including but not limited to mixture of multiple substances, solubility, and pH of the sample.
• Technical or procedural errors, as well as other substances, and factors may affect the accuracy of the Rapid Response® 3-in-1 Spiked Drink Pen and can cause false results.
• A positive result indicates the presence of GHB, Ketamine, and/or Benzodiazepine only and does not indicate quantity or concentration.
• A negative result does not rule out the presence of GHB, Ketamine, and/or Benzodiazepine, or any other potentially harmful substances.